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Legal Information: Northern Mariana Islands

Statutes: Northern Mariana Islands

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Statutes: Northern Mariana Islands

Title 6. Crimes and Criminal Procedure

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

Division 1 Crimes Against Person and Property

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

Part 1. Crimes Against the Person

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

Chapter 2. Assault and Related Offenses

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

§ 1201. Assault.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of assault if the person unlawfully offers or attempts, with force or violence, to strike, beat, wound, or to do bodily harm to another.

(b) A person convicted of assault may be punished by imprisonment for not more than six months.

§ 1202. Assault and Battery.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of assault and battery if the person unlawfully strikes, beats, wounds, or otherwise does bodily harm to another, or has sexual contact with another without the other person’s consent.

(b) A person convicted of assault and battery may be punished by imprisonment for not more than one year.

§ 1203. Aggravated Assault and Battery.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of aggravated assault and battery if he or she causes serious bodily injury, purposely, knowingly or recklessly.

(b) A person convicted of aggravated assault and battery may be punished by imprisonment for not more than 10 years.

§ 1204. Assault with a Dangerous Weapon.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of assault with a dangerous weapon if he or she threatens to cause, attempts to cause, or purposely causes bodily injury to another with a dangerous weapon.

(b) A person convicted of assault with a dangerous weapon may be punished by imprisonment for not more than 10 years.

Chapter 3. Sexual Offenses

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

Article 1. General Provisions.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

§ 1301. Sexual Assault in the First Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of sexual assault in the first degree if

(1) the offender engages in sexual penetration with another person without consent of that person;

(2) the offender attempts to engage in sexual penetration with another person without consent of that person and causes serious bodily injury to that person;

(3) the offender engages in sexual penetration with another person

(A) who the offender knows is mentally incapable; and

(B) who is in the offender’s care

(i) by authority of law; or

(ii) in a facility or program that is required by law to be licensed by the Commonwealth; or

(4) the offender engages in sexual penetration with a person who the offender knows is unaware that a sexual act is being committed and

(A) the offender is a health care worker; and

(B) the offense takes place during the course of professional treatment of the victim.

(b) Sexual assault in the first degree is punishable by imprisonment for not more than 30 years, a fine of not more than $50,000, or both, and the mandatory sentencing provisions of 6 CMC § 4102. 

§ 1302. Sexual Assault in the Second Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of sexual assault in the second degree if

(1) the offender engages in sexual contact with another person without consent of that person;

(2) the offender engages in sexual contact with a person

(A) who the offender knows is mentally incapable; and

(B) who is in the offender’s care

(i) by authority of law; or

(ii) in a facility or program that is required by law to be licensed by the Commonwealth;

(3) the offender engages in sexual penetration with a person who the offender knows is

(A) mentally incapable;

(B) incapacitated; or

(C) unaware that a sexual act is being committed; or

(4) the offender engages in sexual contact with a person who the offender knows is unaware that a sexual act is being committed and

(A) the offender is a health care worker; and

(B) the offense takes place during the course of professional treatment of the victim.

(b) Sexual Assault in the second degree is punishable by imprisonment of not less than two years and not more than fifteen years, a fine of not more than $10,000, or both. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person sentenced under this provision and 6 CMC section 4252 shall not be eligible for parole, if at all, until two-thirds of this minimum sentence (487 days) has been served.

§ 1303. Sexual Assault in the Third Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of sexual assault in the third degree if the offender

(1) engages in sexual contact with a person who the offender knows is

(A) mentally incapable;

(B) incapacitated; or

(C) unaware that a sexual act is being committed.

(2) while employed in a Commonwealth correctional facility or other placement designated by the commissioner of corrections for the custody and care of prisoners, engages in sexual penetration with a person who the offender knows is committed to the custody of the Department of Corrections to serve a term of imprisonment or period of temporary commitment; or

(3) engages in sexual penetration with a person 18 or 19 years of age who the offender knows is committed to the custody of the Department of Public Health and Environmental Services under the Commonwealth’s civil or criminal laws, and the offender is the legal guardian of the person.

(b) Sexual Assault in the third degree is punishable by imprisonment of not less than one year and not more than five years, a fine of not more than $2,000, or both. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person sentenced under this provision or 6 CMC section 4252 shall not be eligible for parole, if at all, until two-thirds of this minimum sentence (244 days) has been served.

§ 1304. Sexual Assault in the Fourth Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of sexual assault in the fourth degree if

(1) while employed in the Commonwealth correctional facility or other placement designated by the commissioner of corrections for the custody and care of prisoners, the offender engages in sexual contact with a person who the offender knows is committed to the custody of the Department of Corrections to serve a term of imprisonment or period of temporary commitment; or

(2) the offender engages in sexual contact with a person 18 or 19 years of age who the offender knows is committed to the custody of the Department of Public Health and Environmental Services under the civil or criminal commitment laws, and the offender is the legal guardian of the person.

(b) Sexual Assault in the fourth degree is punishable by imprisonment for not less than forty-five days and not more than one year, a fine of $1,000, or both. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person sentenced under this provision and 6 CMC section 4252 shall not be eligible for parole, if at all, until two-thirds of this minimum sentence (30 days) has been served.

§ 1305. Defenses.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) It is a defense to the crime charged under 6 CMC § 1301(a)(3), 6 CMC § 1302(a)(2) or (a)(3), or 6 CMC § 1303(a)(1) that the offender is

(1) mentally incapable; or

(2) married to the person and neither party has filed with the court for a separation, divorce, or dissolution of the marriage.

(b) Except as provided in (a) of this section, in a prosecution under 6 CMC § 1301 or 6 CMC § 1302, it is not a defense that the victim was, at the time of the alleged offense, the legal spouse of the defendant.

§ 1306. Sexual Abuse of a Minor in the First Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of sexual abuse of a minor in the first degree if

(1) being 16 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual penetration with a person who is under 13 years of age or aids, induces, causes, or encourages a person who is under 13 years of age to engage in sexual penetration with another person;

(2) being 18 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual penetration with a person who is under 18 years of age, and the offender is the victim’s natural parent, stepparent, adopted parent, or legal guardian; or

(3) being 18 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual penetration with a person who is under 16 years of age, and

(A) the victim at the time of the offense is residing in the same household as the offender and the offender has authority over the victim; or

(B) the offender occupies a position of authority in relation to the victim.

(b) Sexual abuse of a minor in the first degree is punishable by imprisonment for not more than 30 years, a fine of not more than $50,000, or both, and the mandatory sentencing provisions of 6 CMC § 4102.

§ 1307. Sexual Abuse of a Minor in the Second Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of sexual abuse of a minor in the second degree if

(1) being 16 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual penetration with a person who is 13, 14, or 15 years of age and at least three years younger than the offender, or aids, induces, causes or encourages a person who is 13, 14, or 15 years of age and at least three years younger than the offender to engage in sexual penetration with another person;

(2) being 16 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual contact with a person who is under 13 years of age or aids, induces, causes, or encourages a person under 13 years of age to engage in sexual contact with another person;

(3) being 18 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual contact with a person who is under 18 years of age, and the offender is the victim’s natural parent, stepparent, adopted parent, or legal guardian;

(4) being 16 years of age or older, the offender aids, induces, causes, or encourages a person who is under 16 years of age to engage in conduct described in 6 CMC § 1314 (a)(2)-(6); or

(5) being 18 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual contact with a person who is under 16 years of age, and

(A) the victim at the time of the offense is residing in the same household as the offender and the offender has authority over the victim; or

(B) the offender occupies a position of authority in relation to the victim.

(b) Sexual Abuse of a Minor in the second degree is punishable by imprisonment for not less than five years and not more than fifteen years, and a fine of not more than $10,000, or both. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person sentenced under this provision and 6 CMC section 4252 shall not be eligible for parole, if at all, until two-thirds of this minimum sentence (1,217 days) has been served.

§ 1308. Sexual Abuse of a Minor in the Third Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of sexual abuse of a minor in the third degree if

(1) being 16 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual contact with a person who is 13, 14, or 15 years of age and at least three years younger than the offender; or

(2) being 18 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual penetration with a person who is 16 or 17 years of age and at least three years younger than the offender, and the offender occupies a position of authority in relation to the victim.

(b) Sexual Abuse of a Minor in the third degree is punishable by imprisonment for not less than two years and not more than 5 years, a fine of not more than $2,000, or both. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person sentenced under this provision and 6 CMC section 4252 shall not be eligible for parole, if at all, until two-thirds of this minimum sentence (487 days) has been served.

§ 1309. Sexual Abuse of a Minor in the Fourth Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of sexual abuse of a minor in the fourth degree if

(1) being under 16 years of age, the offender engages in sexual penetration or sexual contract with a person who is under 13 years of age and at least three years younger than the offender; or

(2) being 18 years of age or older, the offender engages in sexual contact with a person who is 16 or 17 years of age and at least three years younger than the offender, and the offender occupies a position of authority in relation to the victim.

(b) Sexual Abuse of a Minor in the fourth degree is punishable by imprisonment for not less than one hundred twenty days and not more than one year, a fine of not more than $1,000, or both. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person sentenced under this provision and 6 CMC section 4252 shall not be eligible for parole, if at all, until two-thirds of this minimum sentence (80 days) has been served.

§ 1314. Unlawful Exploitation of a Minor.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the crime of unlawful exploitation of a minor if, in the Commonwealth and with the intent of producing a live performance, film, audio, video, electronic, or electromagnetic recording, photograph, negative, slide, book, newspaper, magazine, or other material that visually or aurally depicts the conduct listed in (1)-(7) of this subsection, the person knowingly induces or employs a child under 18 years of age to engage in, or photographs, films, records, or televises a child under 18 years of age engaged in, the following actual or simulated conduct:

(1) sexual penetration;

(2) the lewd touching of another person’s genitals, anus, or breast;

(3) the lewd touching by another person of the child’s genitals, anus, or breast;

(4) masturbation;

(5) bestiality;

(6) the lewd exhibition of the child’s genitals; or

(7) sexual masochism or sadism.

(b) A parent, legal guardian, or person having custody or control of a child under 18 years of age commits the crime of unlawful exploitation of a minor if, in the Commonwealth, the person permits the child to engage in conduct described in (a) of this section knowing that the conduct is intended to be used in producing a live performance, film, audio, video, electronic, or electromagnetic recording, photograph, negative, slide, book, newspaper, magazine, or other material that visually or aurally depicts the conduct.

(c) Unlawful exploitation of a minor is punishable by imprisonment for not more than ten years, a fine of not more than $10,000, or both. (d) In this section, “audio recording” means a nonbook prerecorded item without a visual component, and includes a record, tape, cassette, and compact disc.

§ 1315. Indecent Exposure in the First Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of indecent exposure in the first degree if

(1) the offender violates 6 CMC § 1316;

(2) while committing the act constituting the offense, the offender knowingly masturbates; and

(3) the offense occurs within the observation of a person under 16 years of age.

(b) Indecent exposure in the first degree is punishable by imprisonment for not more than five years, a fine of not more than $2,000, or both.

§ 1316. Indecent Exposure in the Second Degree.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) An offender commits the crime of indecent exposure in the second degree if the offender knowingly exposes the offender’s genitals in the presence of another person with reckless disregard for the offensive, insulting, or frightening effect the act may have.

(b) Indecent exposure in the second degree before a person under 16 years of age is punishable by imprisonment for not more than one year, a fine of not more than $1,000, or both, and the mandatory sentencing provisions of 6 CMC § 4102. Indecent exposure in the second degree before a person 16 years of age or older is punishable by imprisonment for not more than six months, a fine of not more than $500, or both.

Chapter 4. Robbery; Kidnapping; Other Crimes Against the Person

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

Article 1. Robbery.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

§ 1411. Robbery.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of robbery if he or she takes property from the person of another, or from the immediate control of another, by use or threatened use of immediate force or violence.

(b) A person convicted under this section may be punished:

(1) By imprisonment for not more than 10 years; or

(2) If the defendant or an accomplice uses a dangerous weapon to obtain the property or inflicts serious bodily injury, the term of imprisonment may be not more than 20 years.

Article 2. Kidnapping and Related Offenses.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

§ 1421. Kidnapping.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of kidnapping:

(1) If he or she unlawfully removes another from the victim’s place of residence or business or a substantial distance from the vicinity where the person finds the victim; or

(2) If he or she unlawfully confines another for a substantial period with any of the following purposes:

(A) To hold for ransom or reward, or as a hostage; or

(B) To facilitate commission of any felony or flight thereafter; or

(C) To inflict bodily injury on or to terrorize the victim or another; or

(D) To interfere with the performance of any governmental or political function.

(b) A removal or confinement is unlawful under this section if it is accomplished by force, threat, or deception, or, in the case of a person who is under the age of 13 or incompetent, without the consent of a parent, guardian, or other person with legal custody of the person.

(c) A person convicted under this section may be punished:

(1) By imprisonment for not more than 10 years if the person committing the offense voluntarily releases the victim alive and uninjured and in a safe place prior to trial; or

(2) In circumstances other than in subsection (c)(1) of this section by life in prison.

§ 1422. False Arrest.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of false arrest if he or she unlawfully detains another by force and against the other person’s will, then and there not being in possession of authority to do so.

(b) A person convicted under this section may be punished by imprisonment for not more than six months, or a fine of not more than $100, or both.

Article 3. Other Crimes Against the Person

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

§ 1431. Criminal Coercion.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of criminal coercion if he or she intentionally compels or induces another person to engage in conduct from which the victim has a legal right to abstain, or to abstain from conduct in which the victim has a legal right to engage, by means of instilling in the victim a fear that, if the demand is not complied with, the defendant or a third person will:

(1) Commit any offense; or

(2) Accuse anyone of an offense; or

(3) Expose any secret or publicize any asserted fact, whether true or false, tending to subject any person to hatred, contempt or ridicule or to impair his or her credit or business repute; or

(4) Reveal any information sought to be concealed by the person; or

(5) Testify or provide information or withhold testimony or information with respect to any person’s legal claim or defense; or

(6) Take or withhold official action as a public servant or cause a public servant to take or withhold such action.

(b) It is a defense to a prosecution under subsections (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(4), (a)(5) and (a)(6) of this section, that the defendant believed the threatened accusation or exposure to be true or the proposed action of a public servant justified, and that the defendant’s sole intention was to compel or induce the victim to take reasonable action to desist from, prevent, or remedy the wrong which was the subject of the threatened accusation, exposure, or action of a public servant.

(c) A person convicted under this section may be punished:

(1) If a dangerous weapon is used to instill fear, by imprisonment for not more than five years;

(2) Otherwise, by imprisonment for not more than two years.

Article 4. "Man-Amko" Physical Abuse and Mental Cruelty Act.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

§ 1453. Senior Citizen Physical Abuse and/or Mental Cruelty.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of “man-amko” physical abuse if he or she willfully, knowingly, and intentionally endangers, hurts, ill-treats, mistreats, mishandles, victimizes, strikes, beats or in any manner inflicts physical pain, injury, or mental distress or undue anguish upon any member of the “man-amko.”

(b) A person commits the offense of “man-amko” mental cruelty when he or she knowingly endangers, dishonors, hurts, mistreats, mishandles, victimizes the mental health of such member of the “man-amko” to such an extent as to render the conduct intolerable, or he or she had a duty to and failed to provide the person with adequate food, clothing, or shelter and that such failure was the proximate cause which endangered, harmed, or threatened the mental health of a member of the “man-amko” while the “man-amko” is under his or her care or custody.

(c) “Man-amko” physical abuse and/or mental cruelty shall not include the exercise of sound and reasonable decision, discretion, or judgment in providing or rendering care, assistance, or services to a member of the “man-amko,” and such caring, assistance, or services are consistent with the prevailing community and cultural standards.

(d) A person convicted of “man-amko” mental cruelty or physical abuse is guilty of a crime and upon conviction thereof shall be imprisoned for not more than one year, or fined of not more than $1,000, or both.

Article 5. Domestic Violence.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

§ 1461. Definitions.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) In this Act,

(1) “Domestic violence” and “crime involving domestic violence” mean one or more of the following offenses or an offense under a law or ordinance of another jurisdiction having elements similar to these offenses, or an attempt to commit the offense, by a household member against another household member:

(A) A crime against the person under Title 6, Division 1, Part 1;

(B) Burglary under 6 CMC § 1801;

(C) Criminal trespass under 6 CMC § 1804;

(D) Arson or reckless burning under 6 CMC § 1802;

(E) Criminal mischief under 6 CMC § 1803;

(F) Riot under 6 CMC § 3102;

(G) Violating an order for protection under 6 CMC § 1464;

(H) Disturbing the peace under 6 CMC § 3101;

(I) Stalking in the first or second degree under 6 CMC §§ 1471-1472;

(J) Interfering with a domestic violence report under 6 CMC § 1462;

(K) Unlawful contact under 6 CMC § 1463.

(L) Strangulation under 6 CMC § 1468.

(2) “Household member” includes

(A) Adults or minors who are current or former spouses;

(B) Adults or minors who live together or who have lived together;

(C) Adults or minors who are dating or who have dated;

(D) Adults or minors who are engaged in or who have engaged in a sexual relationship;

(E) Adults or minors who are related to each other up to the fourth degree of consanguinity, whether of the whole or half blood or by adoption, computed under the rules of civil law;

(F) Adults or minors who are related or formerly related by marriage;

(G) Persons who have a child of the relationship; and

(H) Minor children of a person in a relationship that is described in (A) through (G) of this subsection.

(3) “Physical injury” means any physical pain, or any impairment of physical condition;

(4) “Victim” means a person against whom an offense has been perpetrated,

(5) “Witness” means a person who contacted in connection with a criminal case because the person may have knowledge or information about the criminal case.

§ 1462. Interfering With a Domestic Violence Report.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person, other than the victim, commits the crime of interfering with a domestic violence report if the person knowingly interferes with another person who is reporting or attempting to report a crime involving domestic violence to a law enforcement agency, emergency medical personnel, or any other person who might reasonably be expected to render assistance to the victim.

(b) A person convicted under this section may be punished by imprisonment for a term not to exceed one year, by a fine not to exceed $1,000, or both.

§ 1463. Unlawful Contact.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the crime of unlawful contact if the person:

(1) Is arrested for a crime involving domestic violence, and before the person’s initial appearance before a judge, the person initiates communication or attempts to communicate with the alleged victim of the crime for which the person was arrested, with the intent of inducing or encouraging the alleged victim to drop the charges, or not to cooperate with the investigation or prosecution of the case; or

(2) Has been ordered not to contact the alleged victim or any witness in the case as a court-ordered condition of release, or a condition of probation or parole, and knowingly contacts or attempts to contact, either directly or indirectly, the alleged victim or witness in violation of the order.

(b) In this section:

(1) A defendant “initiates communication” or “attempts to communicate” by sending or causing to be sent, any oral, pictorial or written message to be conveyed to the victim, regardless of the form or medium, whether directly conveyed to the victim by the defendant, or delivered through some third party, whether or not the message actually reaches the victim.

(2) In determining whether the defendant had the requisite intent of inducing or encouraging the alleged victim to drop the charges, or not to cooperate with the investigation or prosecution of the case, the court may consider any evidence going to the defendant’s intent, including prior incidents of domestic violence engaged in by the defendant, prior communications between the defendant and the victim or victims of such incidents, and what the victim believed the communication was intended to convey.

(c) A person convicted under this section may be punished by imprisonment for a term not to exceed one year, by a fine not to exceed $1,000, or both.

§ 1464. Violating an Order for Protection.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A person commits the crime of violating an order for protection if the person is subject to an order for protection containing a provision listed in section 205(c) or 206(b) or (c), as enacted by Public Law 12-19, codified in 8 CMC §§ 1915(c) and 1916(b) and (c), respectively, and knowingly commits or attempts to commit an act in violation of that provision.

(b) Violating an order for protection is punishable by term of imprisonment not to exceed one year, by a fine of not more than $2,000, or both. In addition, a person convicted of violating an order for protection, for conduct charged and specially found to be true, as described in (b)(l) or (b)(2) of this section, shall be sentenced to a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment, which may not be suspended, and which shall run consecutively to any other term of imprisonment:

(1) If the person threatens to cause physical injury to any other person, or attempts to cause physical injury to any other person, 10 days; and

(2) If the person causes physical injury to any other person, 20 days.

(c) For purposes of this section

(1) A person “attempts to cause physical injury” when he or she intentionally, knowingly or recklessly engages in any conduct that a reasonable person would know is likely to result in any physical pain or any impairment of physical condition to any person;

(2) A person “threatens to cause physical injury” when, by words or other conduct, that person recklessly places another person in fear of imminent physical injury;

(3) “Physical injury” means any physical pain or any impairment of physical condition.

§ 1465. Duties of Law Enforcement Officer in a Crime Involving Domestic Violence.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A law enforcement officer investigating a crime involving domestic violence shall protect the victim and any member of the victim’s family and prevent further violence by

(1) Transporting an adult victim and any member of the victim’s family from the place of the offense or the place of contact, to a location within the community where the offense occurred that is a shelter, a safe home, or another location in the community requested by the victim;

(2) Assisting the victim in removing from the residence essential items belonging to the victim, such as clothing, vehicles, medication, personal records, and legal documents;

(3) Assisting the victim and any member of the victim’s family in obtaining medical treatment necessitated by the offense, by contacting emergency medical services or by transporting the victim to a local medical facility; and

(4) Providing notice of the rights of victims and services available to victims of domestic violence as provided in 6 CMC § 1466.

(b) If a law enforcement officer investigating a crime involving domestic violence determines that it is necessary to protect the victim or the victim’s family from domestic violence or to protect the officer or the public during the investigation, the officer may

(1) Seize a deadly weapon in plain view of the officer, and

(2) If a deadly weapon was actually possessed during, or used in the domestic violence, shall seize all deadly weapons owned, used, possessed, or within the control of the alleged perpetrator.

§ 1466. Notification to Victims of Domestic Violence.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) A law enforcement officer investigating a crime involving domestic violence shall orally and in writing inform the victim of the rights of victims of domestic violence and the services available to them. The notice must be in substantially the following form:

If you are the victim of domestic violence and you believe that law enforcement protection is needed for your physical safety, you have the right to request that the officer assist in providing for your safety, including asking for an emergency order for protection.

You may also request that the officer assist you in obtaining your essential personal belongings and locating and taking you to a place of safety. In some places in the Commonwealth there are organizations that provide aid and shelter to victims of domestic violence. The nearest organization is located at _____________________________.

If you are in need of medical treatment, you have the right to request that the officer assist you in obtaining medical treatment.

You may request a copy of the police report in your case, at no cost to you, from the Department of Public Safety within three calendar days. You may ask the prosecuting attorney to file a criminal information. The victim advocate within the Office of the Attorney General may also be able to help you by providing information about your rights, how to apply for an order of protection, whether there are shelter or counseling services available to you, and other information. The information is available from the Office of the Attorney General.

You also have the right to file a petition in court requesting an order of protection that may include any of the following provisions:

(1) An order prohibiting your abuser from threatening to commit or committing further acts of domestic violence;

(2) An order prohibiting your abuser from harassing, annoying, telephoning, contacting, or otherwise communicating with you, directly or indirectly;

(3) An order removing your abuser from your residence;

(4) An order directing your abuser to stay away from your residence, school, place of employment, or any other specified place frequented by you or another household member;

(5) An order prohibiting your abuser from entering your vehicle or a vehicle you occupy;

(6) An order prohibiting your abuser from using or possessing a firearm or other weapon specified by the court;

(7) An order granting you possession and use of the automobile and the essential effects;

(8) An order denying your abuser visitation with any minor children in your custody;

(9) An order specifying arrangements for visitation, including requiring supervised visitation;

(10) An order requiring your abuser to pay certain costs and fees, such as rental or mortgage payments or other expenses for shelter, child support payments, medical expenses, courts costs, and attorney’s fees; and

(11) Other relief the court determines to be necessary for your safety.

The forms you need to obtain an order for protection are available from the Clerk of the Superior Court and other designated agencies. It is not necessary to have a lawyer to get an order for protection, but you may consult a lawyer if you choose. The resources available in this community for information relating to domestic violence, treatment of injuries, and places of safety and shelters are: Karidat and the Department of Community and Cultural Affairs, Division of Youth Services and the Domestic Violence Intervention Center.

You also have the right to seek reimbursement for losses suffered as a result of the abuse, including medical and moving expenses, loss of earnings or support, and other expenses for injuries sustained, and damage to your property. This can be done with or without a lawyer in small claims court if the total amount is less than $3,000.00.

(b) If the victim of domestic violence does not understand English, the police officer shall make reasonable efforts to inform the victim of the services and rights specified in (a) of this section in a language the victim understands.

§ 1467. Mandatory Arrest for Crimes Involving Domestic Violence Violation of Protective Orders, and Violation of Conditions of Release.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) Except as provided in (b) or (c) of this section, a law enforcement officer, with or without a warrant, shall arrest a person if the officer has probable cause to believe the person has, either in or outside the presence of the officer, within the previous 12 hours

(1) Committed a crime involving domestic violence, except an offense under 6 CMC § 1101 or § 1102, whether the crime is a felony or a misdemeanor; or

(2) Violated a condition of release imposed by a court pursuant to 6 CMC § 6407.

(b) If a law enforcement officer receives complaints of domestic violence from more than one person arising from the same incident, the officer shall evaluate the conduct of each person to determine who was the principal physical aggressor. If the officer determines that one person was the principal physical aggressor, the other person or persons need not be arrested. In determining whether a person is a principal physical aggressor, the officer shall consider

(1) Prior complaints of domestic violence;

(2) The relative severity of the injuries inflicted on each person;

(3) The likelihood of future injury from domestic violence to each person; and

(4) Whether one of the persons acted in defense of self or others.

(c) A law enforcement officer is not required to make an arrest under (a) of this section if the officer has received authorization not to arrest from the Attorney General or an Assistant Attorney General assigned to the criminal division of the Attorney General’s Office.

(d) When investigating a crime involving domestic violence, a law enforcement officer may not threaten or suggest the possible arrest of all persons involved in the same incident in a manner that would have a tendency to discourage requests for intervention by law enforcement in incidents involving domestic violence.

(e) In addition to the contents of any other report, a law enforcement officer who does not make an arrest after investigating a complaint of domestic violence, or who arrests two or more persons based on the same incident, shall describe in writing the reasons for not making an arrest or for arresting more than one person.

(f) A person may not bring a civil action for damages for a failure to comply with the provisions of this section.

§ 1468. Strangulation

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) In this section:

(1) “Strangle” means to impede the normal breathing or circulation of the blood of another person by applying pressure to the throat or the neck of the other person, or by blocking the nose or the mouth of the other person.

(2) “Household member” has the same definition as the term “household member” found in 6 CMC § 1461(a)(2).

(b) Any person who willfully and unlawfully strangles or attempts to strangle a household member is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than seven years.

(c) No injuries are required to prove attempted strangulation.

(d) The prosecution is not required to prove that the defendant intended to injure or kill the victim. The only intent required is the intent to strangle or attempt to strangle.

§ 1469. Special Evidentiary Standards in Domestic Violence Actions.

Updated: 
August 27, 2024

(a) Every party in a criminal or civil action involving domestic violence forfeits the right to object to a statement on hearsay and confrontation clause grounds when the party engaged in conduct, or acquiesced to conduct, designed to procure the unavailability of the declarant of the statement as a witness. The conduct need not consist of a criminal act.

(b) In any domestic violence case, evidence of a statement made by a witness is not made inadmissible by the hearsay rule if:

(1) the statement is inconsistent with his testimony at the hearing or trial, and

(2) the witness is subject to cross-examination concerning the statement, and

(3) the statement:

(i) was made under oath at a trial, hearing, or other proceeding, or

(ii) narrates, describes, or explains an event or condition of which the witness had personal knowledge, and:

(A) the statement is proved to have been written or signed by the witness, or

(B) the witness acknowledged under oath the making of the statement either in his testimony at the hearing or trial in which the admission into evidence of the prior statement is being sought, or at a trial, hearing, or other proceeding, or

(C) the statement is proved to have been accurately recorded by a tape recorder, videotape recording, or any other similar electronic means of sound recording.

(4) Nothing in this subsection shall render a prior inconsistent statement inadmissible for purposes of impeachment because such statement was not recorded or otherwise fails to meet the criteria set forth herein.

(c) In a criminal proceeding involving domestic violence, a witness may be qualified by the court as an expert if the witness has specialized knowledge beyond that possessed by the average layperson based on the witness’s experience with, or specialized training or education in, criminal justice, behavioral sciences or victim services issues, related to domestic violence, that will assist the trier of fact in understanding the dynamics of domestic violence, victim responses to domestic violence and the impact of domestic violence on victims during and after being assaulted.

(1) If qualified as an expert, the witness may testify to facts and opinions regarding specific types of victim responses and victim behaviors.

(2) The witness’s opinion regarding the credibility of any other witness, including the victim, shall not be admissible.

(3) A witness qualified by the court as an expert under this section may be called by the attorney for the Commonwealth or the defendant to provide the expert testimony.

Article 6. Stalking.

Updated: 
August 28, 2024

§ 1471. Definitions.

Updated: 
August 28, 2024

As used in this article:

(a) “Course of conduct” means two or more acts, including, but not limited to, acts in which the stalker directly, indirectly, or through third parties, by any action, method, device, or means, follows, monitors, observes, surveils, threatens, or communicates to or about, a person, or interferes with a person’s property.

(b) “Emotional distress” means significant mental suffering or distress that may, but does not necessarily, require medical or other professional treatment or counseling.

(c) “Reasonable person” means a reasonable person in the victim’s circumstances.

§ 1472. Stalking.

Updated: 
August 28, 2024

(a) Any person who purposefully engages in a course of conduct directed at a specific person and knows or should know that the course of conduct would cause a reasonable person to:

(1) fear for his or her safety or the safety of a third person; or

(2) suffer other emotional distress is guilty of stalking.

(b) In any prosecution under this law, it shall not be a defense that:

(1) the actor was not given actual notice that the course of conduct was unwanted; or

(2) the actor did not intend to cause the victim fear or other emotional distress.

(c) A person commits the crime of stalking in the first degree if the person violates subsection (a) and:

(1) the defendant violated any order prohibiting contact with the victim; or

(2) the defendant was convicted of stalking any person within the previous 10 years; or

(3) the defendant used force or a weapon or threatened to use force or a weapon; or

(4) the victim is a minor.

(d) All acts of stalking not described in subsection (c) constitute the crime of stalking in the second degree.

(e) Stalking in the first degree is a felony punishable by imprisonment of up to four years, by a fine of up to $2,000, or both.

(f) Stalking in the second degree is a felony punishable by imprisonment of up to one year, by a fine of up to $1,000, or both. 

Chapter 5. Human Trafficking and Related Offenses

Updated: 
August 28, 2024

Article 1. Anti-Trafficking Act.

Updated: 
August 28, 2024

§ 1501. Definitions.

Updated: 
August 28, 2024

The definitions in this section apply throughout this Act, unless otherwise specified or a different meaning is plainly required:

(a) “Abuse the law” or “abuse the legal process” means to file, or threaten to file, a civil action the person knows is not legally justified; or to file, threaten to file, or cause to be filed, a criminal action the person knows is not legally justified, or to testify or provide information, or withhold testimony or information, with respect to a person’s legal claim or defense.

(b) “Aggravated sexual assault or abuse” means Sexual Assault in the First Degree, as described in 6 CMC § 1301(a)(l) or 6 CMC § 1301(a)(2); Sexual Assault in the Second Degree, as described in 6 CMC § 1302(a)(3) of that section; Sexual Abuse of a Minor in the First Degree as described in 6 CMC § 1306(a); Sexual Abuse of a Minor in the Second Degree, as described in 6 CMC § 1307(a)(l).

(c) “Coercion” or “criminal coercion” are to be given their ordinary meaning as defined by 6 CMC § 1431.

(d) “Commercial sex act” means any sex act or sexual conduct, including sexually explicit performances, on account of which anything of value is exchanged, given, promised to, or received by any person.

(e) “Commonwealth” means the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and its surrounding territorial waters, to the extent those waters are recognized as within the boundaries of the Commonwealth’s criminal jurisdiction, customs enforcement jurisdiction, fish and wildlife jurisdiction, or environmental protection jurisdiction, whichever is greater.

(f) “Debt bondage” means to use any debt, legally owed or otherwise, to force, compel, or pressure a person into doing any act from which the person has a legal right to abstain, as a means of discharging the debt, when a reasonable person in the situation would believe he or she had no reasonable alternative means of discharging the debt.

(g) “Financial harm” includes extortion as defined in 6 CMC § 1604, criminal violation of the usury law, as defined by 3 CMC § 5303, or employment contracts that violate the statute of frauds, as defined by 5 CMC § 2201.

(h) “Forced Labor or Services” means labor or services that are performed or provided by another person and are obtained or maintained through an actor’s:

(1) Causing, attempting to cause, or threatening to cause injury to any person;

(2) Physically restraining, attempting to physically restrain, or threatening to physically restrain, any person;

(3) Abusing, attempting to abuse, or threatening to abuse the law or legal process;

(4) Engaging in conduct described in the criminal coercion statute, 6 CMC § 1431(a);

(5) Knowingly destroying, concealing, removing, confiscating or possessing any actual or purported passport or other immigration document, or any other actual or purported government identification document, of another person;

(6) Causing, attempting to cause, or threatening to cause financial harm to any person; or

(7) Subjecting another to debt bondage.

(i) “Homicide” means murder in any degree or manslaughter.

(j) “Injury” means physical or bodily injury, or severe psychological trauma.

(k) “Intentionally” means that the person’s conscious objective is to cause that result; when intentionally causing a particular result is an element of an offense, that intent need not be the person’s only objective.

(l) “Knowingly” means that the person is aware that the conduct is of a certain nature or that a circumstance exists; when knowledge of the existence of a particular fact is an element of an offense, that knowledge is established if a person is aware of a substantial probability of its existence, unless the person actually believes it does not exist; a person who is unaware of conduct or a circumstance of which the person would have been aware had that person not been intoxicated acts knowingly with the respect to that conduct or circumstance.

(m) “Labor or services” means:

(1) Work of economic or financial value, or of other benefit to the person for whom it is done; or

(2) A relationship between a person and the actor in which the person performs activities under the supervision of or for the benefit of the actor. Commercial sex acts are forms of “labor or services” under this section. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to legitimize or legalize prostitution.

(n) “Maintain” means, in relation to labor or services, to secure continued performance thereof, regardless of any initial agreement on the part of the victim to perform such type of service.

(o) “Obtain” means, in relation to labor or services, to secure performance thereof.

(p) “Physical injury” means a physical pain or an impairment of physical condition.

(q) “Physically restrain” means to exercise physical control over, or to confine for a substantial period.

(r) “Prostitution,” means to offer to engage in, agree to engage in, or to actually engage in, sexual conduct, in exchange for a fee, and also includes Promoting Prostitution, as described in 6 CMC § 1344, and Permitting Prostitution, as described in 6 CMC § 1345.

(s) “Recklessly” means the person is aware of and consciously disregards a substantial and unjustifiable risk that the result will occur or that the circumstance exists; the risk must be of such a nature and degree that disregard of it constitutes a gross deviation from the standard of conduct that a reasonable person would observe in the situation.

(t) “Sexual act” or “sexual conduct” means sexual penetration or sexual contact, as defined in 6 CMC § 1317.

(u) “Sexually-explicit performance” means a live performance, film, audio, video, electronic or electromagnetic recording, photograph, negative, slide, book, newspaper, magazine or other material that visually or aurally depicts the following actual or simulated conduct:

(1) Any sexual act as defined by 6 CMC § 1317;

(2) Masturbation;

(3) Bestiality;

(4) The lewd exhibition of a person’s genitals; or

(5) Sexual masochism or sadism.

(v) “Transports” means to:

(1) Take or carry a person into or away from the Commonwealth;

(2) Conspire with another to take or carry a person into or away from the Commonwealth;

(3) Attempt to take or carry a person into or away from the Commonwealth; or

(4) Knowingly assist another in transporting a person into or away from the Commonwealth.

(w) “Victim of trafficking” means a person subjected to the practices set forth in Section 6 CMC § 1502 (Involuntary Servitude), or recruited, enticed, harbored, transported, provided or obtained in violation of Section 6 CMC § 1503 (Human Trafficking for Involuntary Servitude), or recruited, enticed, harbored, transported, provided, or procured in violation of Section 6 CMC § 1504 (Sexual Servitude of a Minor).

§ 1502. Involuntary Servitude.

Updated: 
August 28, 2024

A person commits the crime of involuntary servitude if the person recklessly, knowingly, or intentionally subjects, or attempts to subject, another person to forced labor or services without due process of law.

§ 1503. Human Trafficking for Involuntary Servitude.

Updated: 
August 28, 2024

A person commits the crime of human trafficking for involuntary servitude if the person:

(a) Knowingly recruits, transports, entices, harbors, provides, or obtains by any means, another person, knowing or with the intent that the person will be subjected to involuntary servitude; or

(b) Conspires with another or attempts to engage in conduct described in subsection (a), supra; or

(c) Benefits financially or receives anything of value, from knowing participation in a venture which has engaged in an act described in violation of subsections (a) or (b), supra

§ 1504. Sexual Servitude of a Minor.

Updated: 
August 28, 2024

A person commits the crime of sexual servitude of a minor if the person:

(a) Knowingly recruits, entices, harbors, transports, provides, or procures by any means, a person under 18 years of age, with the intent of inducing the person to engage in any commercial sex act, conduct prohibited under the Sexual Abuse of a Minor statutes, 6 CMC §§ 1306-1309, or conduct prohibited under the Unlawful Exploitation of a Minor statute, 6 CMC § 1314;

(b) Knowingly recruits, entices, harbors, transports, provides, or procures by any means, a person under 18 years of age, knowing that another will induce, or attempt to induce, the person being recruited, enticed, harbored, transported, provided, or procured, to engage in any commercial sex act, conduct prohibited under the Sexual Abuse of a Minor statutes, 6 CMC §§ 1306-1309, or conduct prohibited under the Unlawful Exploitation of a Minor statute, 6 CMC § 1314; or

(c) Knowingly causes or attempts to cause a minor to engage in any commercial sex act, conduct prohibited under the Sexual Abuse of a Minor statutes, 6 CMC §§ 1306-1309, or conduct prohibited under the Unlawful Exploitation of a Minor statute, 6 CMC § 1314.

(d) Affirmative Defense. In any prosecution under this section, it is an affirmative defense that at the time of the alleged offense, the defendant reasonably believed the victim to be 18 years of age or older, unless the victim was under fifteen years of age at the time of the alleged offense.

Part 2. Crimes Against Property

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

Chapter 1. Theft and Related Offenses.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

§ 1601. Theft.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of theft if he or she unlawfully takes, uses or consumes the property or services of another with intent to permanently deprive the owner of his or her rights to the property or services. An accusation of theft may be supported by evidence that it was committed in any manner that would be theft under this chapter, notwithstanding the specification of a different manner in the indictment or information, subject only to the power of the court to ensure a fair trial by granting a continuance or other appropriate relief where the conduct of the defense would be prejudiced by lack of fair notice or by surprise.

(b) A person convicted of theft under any section of this chapter may be punished:

(1) If the value of the property or service is $20,000 or more, by imprisonment for not more than 10 years; or

(2) If the value of the property or service is at least $250 but less than $20,000, by imprisonment for not more than five years; or

(3) If the value of the property or service is less than $250, by imprisonment for not more than one year; or

(4) If the victim of the crime is a person at least 55 years of age or a person with a disability, the offense is punishable by:

(i) Imprisonment between one and three years and/or a fine up to $25,000 if the value of the property is $300 or less; or

(ii) Imprisonment between three and five years and/or a fine up to $25,000 if the value of the property is more than $300 but less than $5,000; or

(iii) Imprisonment between five and seven years and/or a fine up to $25,000 if the value of the property is $5,000 or more but less than $50,000; or

(iv) Imprisonment between seven and fifteen years and/or a fine up to $25,000 if the value of the property is $50,000 or more.

(c) The amount involved in a theft is deemed to be the highest value, by any reasonable standard, of the property or service which the defendant stole or attempted to steal. Amounts involved in thefts committed pursuant to one scheme or course of conduct, whether from the same person or several persons, shall be aggregated in determining whether an offense has been committed and the grade of the offense.

(d) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution for theft that the defendant:

(1) Was unaware that the property or service was that of another; or

(2) Acted under an honest claim of right to the property or service involved or that he had a right to acquire or dispose of it as he or she did; or

(3) Took property exposed for sale, intending to purchase and pay for it promptly, or reasonably believing that the owner, if present, would have consented.

§ 1603. Theft by Deception.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) A person commits theft if he or she purposely obtains property of another by deception. A person deceives if he or she purposely:

(1) Creates or reinforces a false impression, including false impressions as to law, value, intention, or other state of mind; but deception as to a person’s intention to perform a promise shall not be inferred from the fact alone that the person did not subsequently perform the promise; or

(2) Prevents another from acquiring information which would affect his or her judgment of a transaction; or

(3) Fails to correct a false impression which the defendant previously created or reinforced, or which the defendant knows to be influencing another to whom the defendant stands in a fiduciary or confidential relationship; or

(4) Fails to disclose a known lien, adverse claim or other legal impediment to the enjoyment of property which the defendant transfers or encumbers in consideration for the property obtained, whether such impediment is or is not valid, or is or is not a matter of official record.

(b) The term “deceive” does not, however, include falsity as to matters having no pecuniary significance, or exaggerating by statements unlikely to deceive ordinary persons.

§ 1604. Theft by Extortion.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) A person commits theft if he or she purposely obtains property of another by threatening to:

(1) Inflict bodily injury on anyone or commit any other criminal offense; or

(2) Accuse anyone of a criminal offense; or

(3) Expose any secret tending to subject any person to hatred, contempt or ridicule, or to impair his or her credit or business repute; or

(4) Take or withhold action as an official, or cause an official to take or withhold action; or

(5) Testify or provide information or withhold testimony or information with respect to another’s legal claim or defense.

(b) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution based on subsections (a)(2), (a)(3) or (a)(4) of this section that the property obtained by threat of accusation, exposure, lawsuit or other invocation of official action was honestly claimed as restitution or indemnification for harm done in the circumstances to which the accusation, exposure, lawsuit, or other official action relates, or as compensation for property or lawful services.

Chapter 2. Forgery, Fraud, and Related Offenses

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

Article 2. Identity Theft.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

§ 1721. Definitions.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

In this Article unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) “Disabled person” means a person who is incapable of adequately providing for his own health and personal care due to a physical or mental impairment.

(b) “Document-making implement” means any implement, impression, template, computer file, computer disc, electronic device, computer hardware, computer software, instrument, or device that is used to make a real or fictitious or fraudulent personal identification document.

(c) “Person” means any individual, partnership, corporation, trust, estate, cooperative, association, government or governmental subdivision or agency, or other entity.

(d) “Personal identification document” means a birth certificate, a driver’s license, a State identification card, a public, government, or private employment identification card, a social security card, a firearm owner’s identification card, a credit card, a debit card, an insurance policy number or document, a tax identification number, a medical identification number or a passport issued to or on behalf of a person other than the offender, or any document made or issued, or falsely purported to have been made or issued, by or under the authority of the United States Government, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or any state or United States territory, political subdivision of any state or United States territory, or any other governmental or quasi-governmental organization that is of a type intended for the purpose of identification of an individual, or any such document made or altered in a manner that it falsely purports to have been made on behalf of or issued to another person or by the authority of one who did not give that authority.

(e) “Personal identifying information” means any of the following information:

(1) A person’s name;

(2) A person’s address;

(3) A person’s date of birth;

(4) A person’s telephone number;

(5) A person’s driver’s license number or any identification card as assigned by any department, agency, entity or instrumentality of the Commonwealth Government or any of the municipal or local government of the Commonwealth, or a similar agency of another state;

(6) A person’s Social Security number;

(7) A person’s public, private, or government employer, place of employment, or employment identification number;

(8) The maiden name of a person’s mother;

(9) The number assigned to a person’s depository account, savings account, checking account, or brokerage account;

(10) The number assigned to a person’s credit or debit card, commonly known as a “Visa Card,” “Master Card,” “American Express Card,” “Discover Card,” or other similar cards whether issued by a financial institution, corporation, or business entity;

(11) Personal identification numbers;

(12) Electronic identification numbers;

(13) Digital signals;

(14) Any other numbers or information which can be used to access a person’s financial resources, or to identify a specific individual.

§ 1722. Identity Theft.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) Identity theft. A person commits the offense of identity theft when he or she knowingly:

(1) Uses any personal identifying information or personal identification document of another person to fraudulently obtain credit, money, goods, services, or other property, or

(2) Uses any personal identifying information or personal identification document of another with intent to commit any felony theft or other felony violation of Commonwealth law not set forth in paragraph (1) of this subsection (a), or

(3) Obtains, records, possesses, sells, transfers, purchases, or manufactures any personal identifying information or personal identification document of another with intent to commit or to aid or abet another in committing any felony theft or other felony violation of Commonwealth law, or

(4) Uses, obtains, records, possesses, sells, transfers, purchases, or manufactures any personal identifying information or personal identification document of another knowing that such personal identifying information or personal identification documents were stolen or produced without lawful authority, or

(5) Uses, transfers, or possesses document-making implements to produce false identification or false documents with knowledge that they will be used by the person or another to commit any felony theft or other felony violation of Commonwealth law.

(b) Knowledge shall be determined by an evaluation of all circumstances surrounding the use of the other person’s identifying information or document.

(c) When a charge of identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property exceeding a specified value is brought the value of the credit, money, goods, services, or other property is an element of the offense to be determined by the trier of fact as either exceeding or not exceeding the specified value.

(d) Sentence.

(1) A person convicted of identity theft in violation of paragraph (1) of subsection (a) shall be sentenced as follows:

(A) Identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property not exceeding $250 in value is guilty of a misdemeanor and may be punished by imprisonment for less than one year or a fine of up to $1,000 or both. A person who has been previously convicted of identity theft of less than $250 who is convicted of a second or subsequent offense of identity theft of less than $250 is guilty of a felony and may be punished by imprisonment of not less than one year and not more than three years or a fine of up to $5,000 or both.

(B) Identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property exceeding $250 and not exceeding $2,000 in value is a felony punished by imprisonment of not less than one year and not more than three years or a fine of up to $5,000 or both.

(C) Identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property exceeding $2,000 and not exceeding $10,000 in value is a felony and may be punished by imprisonment of not less than two years and not more than five years or a fine of up to $15,000 or both.

(D) Identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property exceeding $10,000 and not exceeding $100,000 in value is a felony punished and may punished by a term of imprisonment of not less than three years and not more than seven years or a fine of up to $20,000 or both.

(E) Identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property exceeding $100,000 in value is a felony and may be punished by a term of imprisonment of not less than five years and not more than ten years or a fine of up to $25,000 or both.

(2) A person convicted of any offense enumerated in paragraphs (2) through (5) of subsection (a) is guilty of a felony and may be punished by a term of imprisonment of not less than one year and not more than three years or a fine of up to $5,000 or both.

(3) A person convicted of any offense enumerated in paragraphs (2) through (5) of subsection (a) a second or subsequent time is guilty of a felony and may be punished by a term of imprisonment of not less than two years and not more than five years or a fine of up to $15,000 or both. The question of guilt of a second or subsequent offense shall be determined by the jury that returned a verdict of guilty on the offense before the Court unless the defendant in the offense before the Court pleads guilty to the second or subsequent offense.

(4) A person who, within a 12 month period, is found in violation of any offense enumerated in paragraphs (2) through (5) of subsection (a) at least three times, either at the same time or consecutively, is guilty of a felony and may be punished by a term of imprisonment of not less than two years and not more than five years or a fine of up to $15,000 or both.

§ 1723. Aggravated Identity Theft.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of aggravated identity theft when he or she commits the offense of identity theft as set forth in subsection (a) of Section 1722 against a person 60 years of age or older or a disabled person as defined in subsection (d) of Section 1721.

(b) Knowledge shall be determined by an evaluation of all circumstances surrounding the use of the other person’s identifying information or document.

(c) When a charge of aggravated identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property exceeding a specified value is brought the value of the credit, money, goods, services, or other property is an element of the offense to be determined by the trier of fact as either exceeding or not exceeding the specified value.

(d) A defense to aggravated identity theft does not exist because the accused reasonably believed the victim to be a person less than 60 years of age.

(e) Sentence.

(1) Aggravated identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property not exceeding $300 in value is a felony and may be punished by a term of imprisonment of not less than one year and not more than three years or a fine of up to $3,000 or both.

(2) Aggravated identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property exceeding $300 and not exceeding $10,000 in value is a felony and may be punished by a term of imprisonment of not less than two years and not more than five years or a fine of up to $30,000 or both.

(3) Aggravated identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property exceeding $10,000 in value and not exceeding $100,000 in value is a felony and may be punished by a term of imprisonment of not less than three years and not more than seven years or a fine of up to $200,000 or both.

(4) Aggravated identity theft of credit, money, goods, services, or other property exceeding $100,000 in value is a felony punished by imprisonment of not less than four years and not more than 15 years or a fine of up to $300,000 or both.

(5) A person who has been previously convicted of aggravated identity theft regardless of the value of the property involved who is convicted of a second or subsequent offense of aggravated identity theft regardless of the value of the property involved is guilty of a felony punished by imprisonment of not less than six years and not more than 30 years or a fine of up to $500,000 or both.

Chapter 3. Other Property Offenses

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

§ 1801. Burglary.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of burglary if he or she enters a building or occupied structure, or separately occupied or secured portion thereof, or a vehicle with the purpose to commit any felony or crime against property or person, unless the premises are at the time open to the public or the person is licensed, authorized or privileged to enter. It is an affirmative defense to prosecution for burglary that the building or structure was abandoned.

(b) A person convicted under this section may be punished:

(1) By imprisonment for not more than five years; or

(2) By imprisonment for not more than 10 years if:

(A) The dwelling is entered during the period between 30 minutes past sunset and 30 minutes before sunrise; or

(B) If the defendant or an accomplice inflicts bodily injury on anyone or is armed with a dangerous weapon.

§ 1802. Arson and Related Offenses.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of arson if he or she starts a fire or causes an explosion with the purpose of:

(1) Damaging a building or occupied structure of another; or

(2) Destroying or damaging any property, whether that person’s or another’s, to collect insurance for the loss.

(b) A person convicted under subsection (a) of this section may be punished by imprisonment for not more than 10 years.

(c) A person commits the offense of reckless burning or exploding if he or she purposely starts a fire or explosion, whether on the person’s own property or another’s, and thereby recklessly:

(1) Places another person in danger of death or bodily injury; or

(2) Places the property of another in danger of damage or destruction.

(d) A person convicted under subsection (c) of this section may be punished by imprisonment for not more than two years.

§ 1804. Criminal Trespass.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of trespass if he or she makes an unlawful and unauthorized entry upon or interferes with the peaceful use and enjoyment of the property of another, and upon being lawfully advised to leave or desist refuses to promptly do so.

(b) A person convicted of trespass may be punished by imprisonment for not more than six months.

§ 1805. Vandalism

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) It shall be unlawful for any person and/or persons to vandalize any public or private property.

(b) Any person and/or persons in violation of subsection (a) shall be punished as follows:

(1) First Offense: A fine of not less than $250 but not more than $1,000 and 40 hours of community service.

(2) Second Offense: A fine of not less than $1,000 but not more than $5,000 and 80 hours of community service.

(3) Third and any subsequent offense: A fine of not less than $5,000 but not more than $10,000 and 120 hours of community service after time served.

Division 3 Miscellaneous Offenses

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

Chapter 1. Offenses Against Public Peace, Safety and Morals

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

Article 1. General Offenses

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

§ 3116. Criminal Electronic Impersonation.

Updated: 
September 5, 2024

(a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any person who knowingly and without consent credibly impersonates another person or assumes a false identity, through or on an Internet website or by other electronic means or communications, for purposes of harming, intimidating, threatening, or defrauding another person is guilty of an offense punishable pursuant to subsection (b) of this section.

(b) Penalties.

(1) A person convicted of violating subsection (a) of this section may be punished by imprisonment not to exceed one year, or a fine not more than two thousand dollars, or both.

(2) A person convicted of violating subsection (a) of this section a second or subsequent time may be punished by imprisonment of not less than three years and not more than five years and a fine of up to $10,000, or both.

(c) For purposes of this section, an impersonation is credible if another person would reasonably believe in it, or did reasonably believe, that the defendant was or is the person who was impersonated.

(d) For purposes of this section, “electronic means” shall include opening an e-mail account or an account or profile on a social networking Internet website in another person’s name.

(e) In addition to any other civil remedy available, a person who suffers damage or loss by reason of a violation of subsection (a) may bring a civil action against the violator for compensatory damages and injunctive relief or other equitable relief.

(f) This section shall not preclude prosecution under any other law.

§ 3118. Theft of Pet.

Updated: 
August 29, 2024

(a) A person commits the offense of theft of a pet if the person, with the intent to deprive or defraud the owner thereof, takes, leads away, confines, secretes, or converts any pet.

(b) A person convicted under this section may be punished by imprisonment of not more than six months, or fine not more than $500 per pet, or both.

(c) Nothing in subsection (a) shall be construed as barring a conviction for theft or receiving stolen property under the laws of the Commonwealth.

(d) As used in this section, “Pet” means any vertebrate living creature or animal that is commonly considered to be, or is considered by the owner to be, a companion animal. “Pet animal” includes, but is not limited to, canines and felines.

(e) All fines and fees collected under this section shall be deposited into the Animal Protection and Control Revolving Fund and disposed pursuant to 6 CMC § 3198.

Title 8. Family Law and Probate

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

Division 1. Domestic Relations

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

Chapter 3. Annulment and Divorce

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

Article 1. General Provision

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

1311. Orders for Custody, Support and Alimony

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

In granting or denying an annulment or a divorce, the court may make such orders for custody of minor children for their support, for support of either party, and for the disposition of either or both parties’ interest in any property in which both have interests, as it deems justice and the best interests of all concerned may require. While an action for annulment or divorce is pending, the court may make temporary orders covering any of these matters pending final decree. Any decree as to custody or support of minor children or of the parties is subject to revision by the court at any time upon motion of either party and such notice, if any, as the court deems justice requires.

Article 3. Divorce

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

1331. Divorce: Grounds

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

A divorce from marriage may be granted under this chapter for the following causes and no other:

(a) Adultery.

(b) The guilt of either party toward the other of such cruel treatment, neglect or personal indignities, whether or not amounting to physical cruelty, as to render the life of the other burdensome and intolerable and their further living together unsupportable.

(c) Willful desertion continued for a period of not less than one year.

(d) Habitual intemperance in the use of intoxicating liquor or drugs continued for a period of not less than one year.

(e) The sentencing of either party to imprisonment for life or for three years or more. After divorce for this cause, no pardon granted to the sentenced party shall affect the divorce.

(f) The insanity of either party where the same has existed for three years or more.

(g) Irreconcilable differences, which are persistent and irresolvable disagreements between spouses that result in the breakdown of the marriage. Irreconcilable differences may be cited generally without citation of specific differences, as grounds for dissolution of the marriage.

(h) The separation of the parties for two consecutive years without cohabitation, whether or not by mutual consent.

(i) Willful neglect by the husband to provide suitable support for his wife when able to do so or when failure to do so is because of his idleness, profligacy or dissipation.

1332. Divorce: Residency Requirements

Updated: 
July 10, 2024

(a) A divorce or dissolution of marriage may be granted if one of the parties has been a resident of the CNMI for at least ninety days immediately preceding the filing of a complaint for divorce, or dissolution of marriage.

(1) For purposes of this section, a person shall be deemed a resident if that person has been assigned with the U.S. military to a unit in the CNMI or a ship home-ported in the CNMI for at least ninety days immediately preceding the filing of a complaint for divorce or dissolution of marriage or if that person is physically present in the Commonwealth for at least ninety days immediately preceding the filing of a complaint for divorce or dissolution of marriage. Physical presence by one of the parties in the CNMI for a period of ninety days prior to filing of the action for divorce or dissolution of marriage shall give rise to a conclusive presumption of compliance with this section.

(2) Residence, no presumption of jurisdiction. In actions for dissolution of marriage, neither the domicile nor residence of the husband shall be deemed to be the domicile or residence of the wife. For the purposes of such an action, each may have a separate domicile or residence depending upon proof of the fact and not upon legal presumptions. Physical presence in the CNMI for ninety days next preceding the commencement of the action shall give rise to a conclusive presumption of residence in the Commonwealth as required by this section. Allegations and proof of residence or other compliance with the requirements of this section shall be pled or proved in any divorce or dissolution of marriage granted upon the consent of the defendant, and the court shall make findings as to residency of any party to a divorce or dissolution of marriage or as to compliance with the requirements of this section in any divorce or dissolution of marriage granted upon the consent of the defendant. Residency must be pled and proved in all divorces or other actions for dissolutions of marriage. Only the parties (i.e., the husband or wife) or the court can raise the issue of or object to the jurisdiction of the Superior Court in an action for divorce or dissolution of marriage, residence of the parties, or other compliance with this section in any case even where the defendant has consented to the divorce or dissolution of marriage. The Superior Court is not presumed to have jurisdiction over any action for divorce or dissolution of marriage which may be filed in the Superior Court because the defendant consents.

(b) Uncontested divorce or dissolution.

(1) If both parties consent in writing to a divorce or dissolution of their marriage, a divorce or dissolution may be granted if one of the parties has resided in the Commonwealth for at least seven days immediately preceding the filing of the complaint.

(2) All consents to a divorce or dissolution of marriage must be acknowledged or verified before a notary public or other officer authorized to administer oaths within the United States if signed in the United States, acknowledged or verified before a consular officer of the United States or other United States official authorized to take oaths if signed outside the United States, or have a notarized acknowledgement or verification by a foreign notary which is authenticated by a United States consular officer.